Stages of changes for fruit and vegetable intake and their relation to the nutritional status of undergraduate students.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional and dietetic profile of freshman Nutrition undergraduate students, and its association with stages of changes (Transtheoretical Model) for fruit and vegetable intake. METHODS: Demographic (age and gender), anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference) and nutritional (pattern of fruit and vegetable intake) data were obtained. The Transtheoretical Model was used to identify the stages of change for fruit and vegetable intake. Food consumption was assessed with a questionnaire developed by the Ministry of Health. The significance level considered for all statistical tests was 0.05 (p<0.05). RESULTS: From 433 eligible students, anthropometric measurements were taken from 219 (50.6%), and 299 (69%) underwent food intake evaluation. The sample included undergraduate students with a low frequency of adequate fruit and vegetables intake (29.8%), being the majority (64.9%) of them classified as at the preparation stage to increase the intake of these food groups. Prevalence of adequate fruit and vegetables intake was higher among students at the action/maintenance stages (83.3%) compared to those at the precontemplation/contemplation (18.3%) and at the preparation stages (32.0%). Students at the preparation stage presented the highest medians for body mass index (p=0.004) and waist circumference (p=0.039) compared to those at the precontemplation/contemplation stages. There was no association between fruit and vegetables intake and the presence of overweight or abdominal obesity (p=0.373). CONCLUSION: This instrument is effective to predict the food intake and, even among aware individuals and ready to change their food behavior, the prevalence of nutritional risk is high.

Stages of changes for fruit and vegetable intake and their relation to the nutritional status of undergraduate students / Estágios de mudança do comportamento para o consumo de frutas e hortaliças e sua relação com o perfil nutricional e dietético de universitários

Objective : To assess the nutritional and dietetic profile of freshman Nutrition undergraduate students, and its association with stages of changes (Transtheoretical Model) for fruit and vegetable intake. Methods : Demographic (age and gender), anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference) and nutritional (pattern of fruit and vegetable intake) data were obtained. The Transtheoretical Model was used to identify the stages of change for fruit and vegetable intake. Food consumption was assessed with a questionnaire developed by the Ministry of Health. The significance level considered for all statistical tests was 0.05 (p<0.05). Results : From 433 eligible students, anthropometric measurements were taken from 219 (50.6%), and 299 (69%) underwent food intake evaluation. The sample included undergraduate students with a low frequency of adequate fruit and vegetables intake (29.8%), being the majority (64.9%) of them classified as at the preparation stage to increase the intake of these food groups. Prevalence of adequate fruit and vegetables intake was higher among students at the action/maintenance stages (83.3%) compared to those at the precontemplation/contemplation (18.3%) and at the preparation stages (32.0%). Students at the preparation stage presented the highest medians for body mass index (p=0.004) and waist circumference (p=0.039) compared to those at the precontemplation/contemplation stages. There was no association between fruit and vegetables intake and the presence of overweight or abdominal obesity (p=0.373). Conclusion : This instrument is effective to predict the food intake and, even among aware individuals and ready to change their food behavior, the prevalence of nutritional risk is high. .

Objetivo : Avaliar o perfil nutricional e dietético de universitários ingressantes no curso de Nutrição, e associá-lo aos estágios de mudança do comportamento (Modelo Transteórico) para consumo de frutas e hortaliças. Métodos : Foram coletados dados demográficos (idade e gênero), antropométricos (índice de massa corporal e circunferência da cintura) e nutricionais (perfil de consumo de frutas e hortaliças). Foi aplicado o Modelo Transteórico para investigar o estágio de mudança comportamental para consumo de frutas e hortaliças. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado com instrumento empregado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Para todos os testes estatísticos foi adotado nível de significância 0,05 (p<0,05). Resultados : Dos 433 alunos elegíveis, 219 (50,6%) participaram da antropometria e 299 (69%) da avaliação do consumo alimentar. A amostra foi constituída por universitários com baixa frequência de consumo adequado de frutas e hortaliças (29,8%), sendo a maioria classificada na preparação (64,9%) para aumentar a ingestão desses alimentos. A frequência de consumo adequado de frutas e hortaliças entre universitários na ação/manutenção (83,3%) foi superior à identificada entre aqueles na pré-contemplação/contemplação (18,3%) e na preparação (32,0%). Os alunos na preparação apresentaram maiores medianas de índice de massa corporal (p=0,004) e circunferência da cintura (p=0,039) em relação aos pré-contempladores/contempladores. Não foi identificada associação entre consumo de frutas e hortaliças e excesso de peso ou obesidade abdominal (p=0,373). Conclusão : O instrumento utilizado é eficaz em predizer o consumo alimentar e, mesmo ...

Avaliação dos conteúdos relacionados à nutrição contidos nos livros didáticos de biologia do ensino médio / Assessment of the nutritional issues contained in high school biology textbooks

OBJETIVO:Analisar os temas de nutrição contidos nos livros didáticos de Biologia do ensino médio, comparando a qualidade das informações com os conhecimentos atuais. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal descritivo no qual foram avaliados, de forma estruturada, todos os livros de Biologia recomendados para o ensino médio pelo Ministério da Educação. A análise de cada livro foi realizada segundo o seu conteúdo de nutrição a partir de uma ficha de avaliação. As variáveis avaliadas foram selecionadas por meio de revisão de literatura, sendo classificadas em: "suficiente", quando estiveram totalmente presentes nos livros didáticos e em concordância com os conhecimentos atuais; "insuficiente", quando as variáveis analisadas estiveram parcialmente presentes nos livros didáticos, em concordância com os conhecimentos atuais; "ausente", quando o conteúdo não foi abordado no livro didático. Variáveis presentes, porém desatualizadas ou incorretas, foram analisadas individualmente e de forma descritiva. A técnica de "análise de conteúdo" norteou este trabalho. RESULTADOS: Todos os livros didáticos continham informações sobre nutrição; porém, em sua maioria, apresentaram-se insuficientes para promover escolhas alimentares conscientes e/ou mudança de hábitos. Algumas informações estavam ausentes em alguns livros, como hipovitaminose A e deficiência de folato (100 por cento), anemia ferropriva (89 por cento), obesidade, deficiência de iodo e pirâmide dos alimentos (78 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: A inserção da educação nutricional no currículo escolar e a revisão periódica para adequação dos conteúdos sobre nutrição nos livros didáticos são medidas coadjuvantes à prevenção de agravos à saúde dos futuros adultos.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the nutrition-related issues of high school Biology textbooks by comparing the available information with the current knowledge. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken to evaluate all the Biology textbooks recommended by the Ministry of Education for high school classes. The data collection was performed by a structured assessment tool to evaluate the content of each book. The content was classified as "sufficient", when all the variables analyzed were presented in the textbooks and in consonance with the current scientific literature; "insufficient", when they were partially presented in the textbooks and in consonance with current scientific literature; "absent", when the content was not available in the textbook. Variables available but outdated or incorrect were individually and descriptively assessed. The content analysis technique was employed in the present study. RESULTS: All the textbooks had nutrition-related information. However, most of them were insufficient to promote awareness of food choices and/or change of lifestyle. The following information was not available in the books: vitamin A and folate deficiency (100 percent), anemia due to iron deficiency (89 percent), obesity, iodine deficiency and food pyramid (78 percent). CONCLUSIONS: The insertion of nutritional education in the academic curriculum and the periodical review of nutrition-related issues presented in the textbooks may help the prevention of health problems among children and youth.